Unit 21 Karl Marx
…they quickly dragged the drunk to safety. 他们迅速地把醉汉拖到安全处。
It is a rapid river. 那是一条湍急的河流。
catch a cold ,have a cold
这两个动词短语均可作“感冒”解,但具体运用时是有区别的。
l)catch a cold强调“感冒”的行为,have a cold表示“感冒”持续的状态。
Yesterday he caught a cold. 昨天他患了感冒。
He has a bad cold now. 他现在感冒了。
2)catch a cold不可与表示一段时间的状语连用,而have a cold of可以。
3)catch a cold中的a可以省略,但cold前有形容词修饰时则不能省略;have a cold中的a不能省,在口语中它等于have got a cold.
Put on more clothes or you'll catch (a) cold. 多穿点衣服,要不然会感冒的。
She has had a cold for two weeks. 她感冒两周了。
keep on doing ,keep doing
l) keep on doing相当于go on doing, 指动作、行为有间歇之后继续进行,也指长期坚持某事。
After a rest, she kept on working. 休息之后,她继续工作。
He kept on asking the same question. 她老是问着同一个问题。
2) keep doing指动作不间断地继续着。如:
It kept raining the whole night. 雨不停地下了一整夜。
3)keep on doing 与 keep doing 二者可以换用;一般都不接表示静止状态的词,如
standing; sitting, lying, sleeping等。如:
Why do they keep (on) laughing all the time? 他们为什么老是笑个不停?
I've learned about 1,000 words, but I keep (on) forgetting some of them. 我大约学了1000个单词,可有些单词老是记不住。
advice,advise
均可表示“建议、劝告”之意 ,其区别是:
l)advice为不可数名词,无复数形式,不能与定冠词连用。请记住下列结构:
a piece of advice 一条建议 two pieces of advice 两条建议
some advice 一些建议 follow/take one's advice 听从某人劝告
give sb. some advice on sth./give sb. advice on doing sth./ give sb. advice on how to do sth. 就… …给某人提建议
2)advise是动词,常用于下列结构中:
advise +名词/代词
advise sb. to do sth. advise+ that+ sb. + (should) do sth.
He advised you to give up smoking.他劝你把烟戒了。
I advised she (should) study English well.我劝她把英语学好。
cut down, cut up
cut down可用来表示“砍倒”;“减少”;“降低”;“缩短”。如:
The boy cut down the young tree with an axe. 那小孩斧子砍倒了小树。
cut up可用来表示“切碎”。如:
The man first cut the tree down and then cut it up. 那人先把树砍倒,然后把它劈成碎片。
force, make
force与make 都有“迫使”的意思,但在意义上和用法上有所区别。
force含有暴力威胁之意,其结构是force+名词+to do sth.
The policemen forced the boys to stop fighting.警察们迫使男孩子们停止打斗。
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